Timo Laitinen
Timo Laitinen
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Turbulence
Energetic proton back-precipitation onto the solar atmosphere in relation to long-duration gamma-ray flares
A. Hutchinson
,
S. Dalla
,
T. Laitinen
,
G. A. de Nolfo
,
A. Bruno
,
J. M. Ryan
,
C. O. G. Waterfall
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DOI
arXiv
The effect of turbulence strength on meandering field lines and Solar Energetic Particle event extents
Insights into the processes of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) propagation are essential for understanding how solar eruptions affect …
Timo Laitinen
,
Frederic Effenberger
,
Andreas Kopp
,
Silvia Dalla
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DOI
arXiv
Early propagation of energetic particles across the mean field in turbulent plasmas
Propagation of energetic particles across the mean field direction in turbulent magnetic fields is often described as spatial …
T. Laitinen
,
S. Dalla
,
D. Marriott
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DOI
arXiv
Energetic Particle Transport across the Mean Magnetic Field: Before Diffusion
Current particle transport models describe the propagation of charged particles across the mean field direction in turbulent plasmas as …
T. Laitinen
,
S. Dalla
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DOI
arXiv
Solar energetic particle access to distant longitudes through turbulent field-line meandering
Context. Current solar energetic particle (SEP) propagation models describe the effects of interplanetary plasma turbulence on SEPs as …
T. Laitinen
,
A. Kopp
,
F. Effenberger
,
S. Dalla
,
M. S. Marsh
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DOI
arXiv
Correcting for Interplanetary Scattering in Velocity Dispersion analysis of Solar Energetic Particles
To understand the origin of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs), we must study their injection time relative to other solar eruption …
T. Laitinen
,
K. Huttunen-Heikinmaa
,
E. Valtonen
,
S. Dalla
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DOI
arXiv
Solar Interacting Protons Versus Interplanetary Protons in the Core Plus Halo Model of Diffusive Shock Acceleration and Stochastic Re-acceleration
With the first observations of solar ensuremathγ-rays from the decay of pions, the relationship of protons producing ground level …
L. Kocharov
,
T. Laitinen
,
R. Vainio
,
A. Afanasiev
,
K. Mursula
,
J. M. Ryan
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DOI
Energetic Particle Cross-field Propagation Early in a Solar Event
Solar energetic particles (SEPs) have been observed to easily spread across heliographic longitudes, and the mechanisms responsible for …
T. Laitinen
,
S. Dalla
,
M. S. Marsh
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DOI
arXiv
Particle scattering in turbulent plasmas with amplified wave modes
High-energy particles stream during coronal mass ejections or flares through the plasma of the solar wind. This causes instabilities, …
S. Lange
,
F. Spanier
,
M. Battarbee
,
R. Vainio
,
T. Laitinen
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DOI
arXiv
Energetic Particle Diffusion in Critically Balanced Turbulence
Observations and modeling suggest that the fluctuations in magnetized plasmas exhibit scale-dependent anisotropy, with more energy in …
T. Laitinen
,
S. Dalla
,
J. Kelly
,
M. Marsh
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DOI
arXiv
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