1

Perpendicular diffusion of solar energetic particles: When is the diffusion approximation valid?
Multi-spacecraft observations of widespread solar energetic particle (SEP) events indicate that perpendicular (to the mean field) …
R. D. Strauss, J. P. van den Berg, P. J. Steyn, F. J. Effenberger, N. Wijsen, T. Laitinen, J. A. le Roux
Cite DOI
Application of Test Particle Simulations to Solar Energetic Particle Forecasting
Modelling of Solar Energetic Particles (SEPs) is usually carried out by means of the 1D focused transport equation and the same …
S. Dalla, B. Swalwell, M. Battarbee, M. S. Marsh, T. Laitinen, S. J. Proctor
Cite DOI
Forecasting Solar Energetic Particle Fluence with Multi-Spacecraft Observations
Forecasting Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) fluence, as integrated over an SEP event, is an important element when estimating the effect …
T. Laitinen, S. Dalla, M. Battarbee, M. S. Marsh
Cite DOI arXiv
Test-particle simulations of SEP propagation in IMF with large-scale fluctuations
The results of full-orbit test-particle simulations of SEPs propagating through an IMF which exhibits large-scale fluctuations are …
J. Kelly, S. Dalla, T. Laitinen
Cite DOI
Acceleration of Energetic Particles Through Self-Generated Waves in a Decelerating Coronal Shock
We have developed a simulation model of particle acceleration in coronal shock waves. The model is based on a Monte Carlo method, where …
M. Battarbee, T. Laitinen, R. Vainio, N. Agueda
Cite DOI arXiv
On the Effect of Pre-event Background in Determining Solar Particle Event Onset
The onset of a Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) event has been traditionally determined by using the velocity dispersion analysis (VDA), …
T. Laitinen, K. Huttunen-Heikinmaa, E. Valtonen
Cite DOI
Turbulence transport and shock acceleration in solar corona
Recent efforts on modeling coronal turbulence transport and shock acceleration self-consistently are reviewed. The considered models …
R. Vainio, T. Laitinen
Cite DOI
On the acceleration and wave heating of the solar wind: implications of the mean free path of solar energetic particles
Wave damping and cascading processes have been found to be important for the heating and acceleration of the solar wind. However, it …
T. Laitinen, R. Vainio, H. Fichtner
Cite DOI